Though small in size, the effects of ticks on moose can be substantial. A large enough infestation of ticks can cause significant blood loss, leading to chronic anemia, and subsequently, protein loss. Irritated, the moose rubs off thick chunks of their own fur in attempt to dislodge the ticks through licking, scratching, and rubbing. Moose suffering from significant tick infestations appear grey or white, as only their undercoat remains, and have been dubbed ghost moose. This loss of hair, actually called alopecia, combined with harsh winter weather, can lead to hypothermia (Sine, Morris, & Knupp, 2009). This compulsive grooming requires a lot of time and energy, resulting in overall poor condition and emaciation (“Moose Winter Tick,” 2012).

Typically, it is the calves that suffer the worst consequences of tick infestations (“Moose Winter Tick,” 2012).

However, moose and ticks have been coexisting for many years. A tick infestation does not necessarily mean a death sentence for a moose; moose can survive and flourish, despite winter tick infestations (“Ghost moose”, 2012). In fact, according to Parks Canada, the biggest declines in moose located in Jasper are attributed to wolf predation, liver flukes, and vehicular collisions on highways and railways (Wysong, 2015). Ticks didn’t even make the list!

That being said, if climate change trends continue, resulting in shorter winters and increased temperatures, it could mean serious consequences for moose. Milder winters make breeding easier for ticks, while also contributing to their overall survivability, consequently increasing their populations while subsequently reducing those of moose (Halsall, J, 2016).

This is just one more reason why it is important for us to conserve and preserve! Because what would Canada be without the moose, eh?